How can we choose the section of the electrical cable?

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Rudolphe ABEN

How can we choose the section of the electrical cable?

The choice of cross-section for an electrical cable is an important step in achieving a safe and efficient electrical installation. In fact, an inappropriate cross-section can lead to the risk of fire, overheating and even malfunction of the electrical circuit.

It is therefore essential to understand the various criteria to be taken into account when determining the appropriate cross-section of the electrical cable. Here are the main considerations to be taken into account:

The maximum allowable current: the cable section must be chosen according to the maximum current that the cable must be able to withstand. It is necessary to take into account the characteristics of the electrical equipment connected to the circuit, as well as the distance the current must travel.

The nominal voltage: The cable cross-section must also be adapted to the nominal voltage of the circuit. Low voltage cables (up to 1000 volts) generally have a larger cross-section than high voltage cables.

The type of current: the cable cross-section must be adapted to the type of current being carried. In fact, alternating current and direct current do not have the same characteristics, which may influence the choice of cross-section.

Maximum permissible temperature: Electric cables are exposed to high temperatures when carrying electric current. The cable cross-section must therefore be chosen according to the maximum temperature that the cable can withstand.

Environmental conditions: Environmental conditions can influence the choice of cable cross-section. For example, if the cable is to be installed in a corrosive environment, it may be necessary to select a larger cross-section to ensure a sufficiently long service life.

Once these criteria have been taken into account, standardized calculation tables can be used to determine the appropriate electrical cable cross-section. It is important to note that these tables are only guidelines and it is recommended that a professional be consulted to ensure that the choice of section is optimal.

In conclusion, the choice of electrical cable cross-section is an important process in ensuring the safety and performance of an electrical installation. It is therefore essential to take into account the various criteria mentioned above and, if necessary, to consult a professional.